Shikoku Pilgrimage

The Shikoku Pilgrimage, known as Henro in Japanese, is a 1,200-kilometer journey around Shikoku Island visiting 88 temples associated with the Buddhist monk Kobo Daishi (Kukai). This ancient pilgrimage has been undertaken for over 1,000 years by seekers of spiritual enlightenment, healing, and personal transformation. Today, it attracts pilgrims from around the world seeking both spiritual and physical challenges.

The Route

The pilgrimage traditionally begins at Temple 1 (Ryozen-ji) in Tokushima Prefecture and proceeds clockwise around the island. The route is divided into four sections corresponding to Buddhist concepts: awakening (temples 1-23), austerity (24-39), enlightenment (40-65), and nirvana (66-88). Most pilgrims complete the journey in 40-60 days walking, though some complete it by car, bus, or bicycle.

Each temple has its own character and significance. Some are nestled in mountains, others in coastal towns, and still others in urban centers. Temple 23 (Yakuo-ji) offers stunning mountain views, while Temple 31 (Chikurin-ji) is surrounded by ancient cedar forests. Temple 88 (Okubo-ji), the final temple, marks the completion of the journey and is often an emotional moment for pilgrims.

Preparing for the Journey

Traditional pilgrims wear white clothing (symbolizing death to the old self), a sedge hat, and carry a walking stick representing Kobo Daishi. While few modern pilgrims dress in full traditional garb, many carry the essential items: a pilgrim's book (nokyocho) for collecting temple stamps, a staff, and a small bag for offerings. The book becomes a cherished record of your journey.

Physical preparation is essential. The walking route involves significant elevation gain and long distances between temples. Train for several months before departure, focusing on endurance and hill walking. Pack light but include quality rain gear, as Shikoku's weather can be unpredictable. Many pilgrims stay in minshuku (guesthouses) or temples offering lodging (shukubo).

Modern Alternatives

Not everyone has 40-60 days to walk the entire route. Many pilgrims complete sections over multiple years, returning to continue where they left off. Others complete the journey by car or bus, which takes about 10-12 days. Bicycle pilgrims typically finish in 2-3 weeks. All methods are valid—the spiritual journey matters more than the mode of travel.

Tour companies offer guided pilgrimage experiences with transportation, accommodation, and English-speaking guides. These packages range from budget bus tours to luxury private tours. For those seeking a more authentic experience, consider walking a section independently while using luggage forwarding services between accommodations.

The Spiritual Dimension

The Shikoku Pilgrimage is ultimately a spiritual journey, regardless of your religious beliefs. Many pilgrims report profound personal transformations, finding clarity, healing, or renewed purpose along the way. The rhythm of walking, visiting temples, and meeting fellow pilgrims creates space for reflection and growth.

The concept of osettai (hospitality given to pilgrims) remains strong in Shikoku. Locals often offer food, water, or even lodging to pilgrims they encounter. This tradition of generosity creates a sense of community and connection that many pilgrims describe as the most meaningful part of their journey.